There are two primary ways of extracting bitumen from the oil sands. In situ production involves injecting steam into the ground to heat up the bitumen which is then pumped out of the ground. Surface mining is done when the resource is fairly close to the surface.
via The Energy Collective – The world’s best thinkers on energy & climate http://theenergycollective.com/robertrapier/308066/oil-sands-and-environment-part-ii
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Prometheus Institute 